Once nitrate is in saliva, oral bacteria can reduce the nitrate into _______, where it again enters the bloodstream via the gut and is then further reduced to _______,

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Prepare for the Microbiology and Immunology 6400 Oral Intermicrobial Interactions Test. Study with engaging materials, flashcards, and multiple-choice questions. Each question offers hints and detailed explanations. Ace your exam today!

Multiple Choice

Once nitrate is in saliva, oral bacteria can reduce the nitrate into _______, where it again enters the bloodstream via the gut and is then further reduced to _______,

Explanation:
The question tests the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway mediated by oral bacteria and systemic circulation. Oral bacteria use nitrate reductases to convert nitrate found in saliva into nitrite. This nitrite is then absorbed into the bloodstream via the gut, and in the body it can be reduced further to nitric oxide, especially under conditions of low oxygen or acidity. Nitric oxide is the active signaling molecule that promotes vasodilation and has antimicrobial effects. So the two products are nitrite first, then nitric oxide.

The question tests the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway mediated by oral bacteria and systemic circulation. Oral bacteria use nitrate reductases to convert nitrate found in saliva into nitrite. This nitrite is then absorbed into the bloodstream via the gut, and in the body it can be reduced further to nitric oxide, especially under conditions of low oxygen or acidity. Nitric oxide is the active signaling molecule that promotes vasodilation and has antimicrobial effects. So the two products are nitrite first, then nitric oxide.

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